The following 1,000 citations were selected by Dr. Matthew Saxton of the University
of Washington and Dr. John Richardson of UCLA to supplement their new book,
Understanding Reference Transactions: Transforming an Art into a Science
(Academic Press, 2002). We wish to acknowledge the assistance of Marcia Schmitz,
UCLA MLIS 2002, for the bibliographical verification work she did on this project.
It is also possible to query a database
of these studies created by Dr. Saxton. You might also wish to look at just
those citations on virtual reference transactions.
1. "Standards for Reference Services in Public Libraries." Library
Association Record 72 (1970): 53-57.
2. "A Commitment to Information Services: Developmental Guidelines."
RQ 15 (Summer 1971): 327-330.
3. "Survey of Student Opinion." Kent, Ohio: Kent State University
Libraries, 1976.
4. "Statistical Report." Chicago: Public Library Association, Public
Library Data Service, 1988.
5. User Surveys. Washington, D.C.: Association of Research Libraries,
Office of Management Studies, 1988.
6. Qualitative Collection Analysis: The Conspectus Methodology. Washington,
D.C.: Association of Research Libraries, Office of Management Studies, 1989.
7. "Branches' Unobtrusive Survey Results Up From Last Year." PGCMLS
Staff Newsletter 18 (May 9, 1990): 1, 5.
8. "Information Services for Information Consumers: Guidelines for Providers."
RQ 30 (Winter 1990): 262-265.
9. Reference Evaluation Project. Wheeling, Ill.: Reference Librarians
Association, North Suburban Library System, 1992.
10. Abels, Eileen G. "Improving Reference Service Cost Studies." Library
& Information Science Research 19 (1997): 135-152.
11. Agada, John. "Studies of the Personality of Librarians." Drexel
Library Quarterly 20 (1984): 25-45.
12. Alafiatoayo, Benjamin O.; Yip, Yau J.; and Blunden-Ellis, John C. P. "Reference
Transaction and the Nature of the Process for General Reference Assistance."
Library & Information Science Research 18 (1996): 357-384.
13. Alexander, Carter. "The Technique of Library Searching." Special
Libraries 27 (September 1936): 230-238.
14. Allan, Ann, and Reynolds, Kathy J. "Performance Problems: A Model for
Analysis and Resolution." Journal of Academic Librarianship 9 (1983):
83-88.
15. Allan, Ann, and Reynolds, Kathy J. "Performance Problems: A Model for
Analysis and Resolution." In Performance Evaluations: A Management Basic
for Librarians, edited by Jonathan A. Lindsey. Phoenix, AZ: Sorry Press,
1986.
16. Allen, Bryce L. "Evaluation of Reference Services." In Reference
and Information Services: An Introduction. 2d ed. Englewood, CO: Libraries
Unlimited, 1995.
17. Allen, Frank R., and Smith, Rita Hoyt. "A Survey of Telephone Inquiries:
Case Study and Operational Impact in an Academic Library Reference Department."
RQ 32 (Spring 1993): 382-391.
18. Allen, Mary Beth. "International Students in Academic Libraries: A
User Survey." College & Research Libraries 54 (1993): 323-333.
19. Allen, Robert B. "User Models: Theory, Method, and Practice."
International Journal of Man-Machine Studies 32 (1990): 511-543.
20. Altman, Ellen. "Assessment of Reference Services." In The Service
Imperative for Libraries, edited by Gail Schlachter. Englewood, Colo.: Libraries
Unlimited, 1982.
21. Aluri, Rao. "Improving Reference Service: The Case for Using a Continuous
Quality Improvement Method." RQ 33 (1993): 220-236.
22. American Library Association. Reference and Adult Users Division (RASD).
Ad Hoc Committee on Behavioral Guidelines for Reference and Information Services.
"Guidelines for Behavioral Performance of Reference and Information Services
Professionals." RQ 36 (Winter 1996): 200-203.
23. American National Standards Institute. American National Standard for
Library and Information Sciences and Related Publishing Practices: Library Statistics.
New York: American National Standards Institute [now National Information Standards
Organization], 1983.
24. Andaleeb, Syed Saad, and Simmonds, Patience L. "Explaining User Satisfaction
with Academic Libraries: Strategic Implications." College & Research
Libraries 59 (1998): 156-167.
25. Anderson, Arthur James. "A Question of Integrity." Library
Journal 121 (1996): 43-44.
26. Anderson, Charles R. "Budgeting for Reference Service in an Online
Age." The Reference Librarian 19 (1987): 179-201.
27. Anderson, Margaret. "Unobtrusive Testing and Library Reference Service."
Information Processing & Management 24 (1988): 606-607.
28. Anderson, Paul M. "A Study of Collection Use at the University of Cincinnati
Central Library." ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 241 069, 1983.
29. Applegate, Rachel. "Models of User Satisfaction: Understanding False
Positives." RQ 32 (Summer 1993): 525-539.
30. Armstrong, Charles M. "Staffing Library Services to Meet Student Needs--Services
and Personnel Management." In Student Use of Libraries: An Inquiry into
the Needs of Students, Libraries, and the Educational Process; Papers of the
Conference within a Conference July 16-18, 1963, Chicago, Illinois. Chicago:
American Library Association, 1964.
31. Arrigona, Daniel, and Mathews, Eleanor. "A Use Study of an Academic
Library Reference Collection." RQ 28 (1988): 71-81.
32. Arthur, Dwen. "Peer Coaching in a University Reference Department."
College & Research Libraries 51 (1990): 367-373.
33. Asser, E. S. "Social Class and Help-seeking Behavior." American
Journal of Community Psychology 6 (1978): 465-475.
34. Association of Research Libraries. Performance Appraisal in Research
Libraries. Washington, D.C.: Association of Research Libraries, 1988.
35. Auster, Ethel. "User Satisfaction with the Online Negotiation Interview:
Contemporary Concerns in Traditional Perspective." RQ 23 (1983):
47-59.
36. Auster, Ethel, and Lawton, Stephen B. "Search Interview Techniques
and Information Gain as Antecedents of User Satisfaction with Online Bibliographic
Retrieval." Journal of the American Society for Information Science
35 (March 1984): 90-103.
37. Bailey, Bill. "The '55 Percent Rule' Revisited." Journal of
Academic Librarianship 13 (1987): 280-282.
38. Bailey, Bill. "Unobtrusive Testing and Library Services." Journal
of Academic Librarianship 14 (1988): 37-38.
39. Baille, Gordon Stuart. "An Investigation of Objective Admission Variables
as They Relate to Academic and Job Success in One Graduate Library Education
Program." Ph.D. diss., Washington University, 1961.
40. Baker, L.M.; Spang, L.; and Gogolowski, C. "The Provision of Consumer
Health Information by Michigan Public Librarians." Public Libraries
37 (1998): 250-255.
41. Baker, Sharon L. "Evaluation of Reference Services: Question Answering."
In The Measurement and Evaluation of Library Services, 1991.
42. Baker, Sharon L., and Lancaster, F.W. The Measurement and Evaluation
of Library Services. Arlington, Va.: Information Resources Press, 1991.
43. Balas, Janet. "The Internet and Reference Services." Computers
in Libraries 15 (1995): 39-41.
44. Balay, Robert, and Andrew, Christine. "Use of the Reference Service
in a Large Academic Library." College & Research Libraries 36
(1975): 9-26.
45. Baldwin, Emma, and Marcus, W. E. Library Costs and Budgets: A Study of
Cost Accounting in Public Libraries. New York: Bowker, 1941.
46. Ballard, Thomas H. "Planning and Output Measures." Public Libraries
28 (1989): 11-13.
47. Ballesteros, E. R. "Unconscious Cognition in the Conduct of Inquiry:
An Information Counseling Approach." University of Texas at Austin, 1995.
48. Barlow, S.H. "A Suggestion for Estimating Use of the Referene Library."
Library World 41 (1938): 28-31.
49. Bates, Marcia J. "User Studies: A Review for Librarians and Information
Scientists." Washington, DC: Educational Documents ED 047 738, 1971.
50. Bates, Marcia J. "Factors Affecting Subject Catalog Search Success."
Journal of the American Society for Information Science 28 (1977): 161-169.
51. Bates, Marcia J. "Information Search Tactics." Journal of the
American Society for Information Science 30 (July 1979): 105-214.
52. Bates, Marcia J. "Idea Tactics." Journal of the American Society
for Information Science 30 (September 1979): 280-289.
53. Bates, Marcia J. "Search Techniques." Annual Review of Information
Science and Technology 16 (1981): 139-169.
54. Bates, Marica J. "A 'Berrypicking' Model of Information Retrieval."
Online Review 13 (1989): 408-424.
55. Bauner, Ruth E. "Library Use and the Perceptions of Student Library
Users at Southern Illinois University-Corbondale." Ph.D. diss., Southern
Illinois University, 1978.
56. Bawden, David. User-oriented Evaluation of Information Systems and Services.
Brookfield, Vermont: Gower, 1990.
57. Beasley, Kenneth E. "A Statistical Reporting System for Local Public
Libraries." Pennsylvania State Library, Monograph no. 3. University Park,
Pa.: Pennsylvania State University, 1964.
58. Beasley, Kenneth E. "A Prediction Study of Reference Accuracy Among
Recently Graduated Working Reference Librarians (1975-1979)." In Success
in Answering Reference Questions: Two Studies. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow
Press, 1987.
59. Beeler, M.G. Fancher; Grim, Jerry; Herling, John P.; James, Stephen; Martin,
Miles W.; and Naylor, Alice. Measuring the Quality of Library Service: A
Handbook. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press, 1974.
60. Belkin, Nicholas J. "Anomalous State of Knowledge as the Basis for
Information Retrieval." The Canadian Journal of Information Science
5 (May 1980): 133-143.
61. Belkin, Nicholas J.; Brooks, Helen M.; and Oddy, R.N. Representation and
Classification of Anomalous State of Knowledge and Information for Use in Interactive
Information Retrieval. IRFIS 3: Proceedings of the 3rd International Research
Forum in Information Science, Oslo, 1979;146-183.
62. Belkin, Nicholas J., and Oddy, R.N. "Design Study for an Anomalous
State of Knowledge Based Information Retrieval System." London: British
Library, 1979.
63. Belkin, Nicholas J.; Oddy, Robert N.; and Brooks, Helen M. "ASK for
Information Retrieval: Part I. Background and Theory." Journal of Documentation
38 (June 1982): 61-71.
64. Belkin, Nicholas J.; Oddy, Robert N.; and Brooks, Helen M. "ASK for
Information Retrieval: Part II.Results of a Design Study." Journal of
Documentation 38 (1982): 145-164.
65. Benham, Frances. "A Prediction Study of Reference Accuracy among Recently
Graduated Working Reference Librarians (1975-1979)." Ph.D. diss., Florida
State University, 1981.
66. Benham, Frances. "A Prediction Study of Reference Accuracy Among Recently
Graduated Working Reference Librarians (1975-1979)." In Success in Answering
Reference Questions: Two Studies, edited by Frances Benham and Ronald R.
Powell. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow, 1987.
67. Benson, James, and Maloney, Ruth K. "Principles of Searching."
RQ 15 (Summer 1975): 316-320.
68. Berelson, Bernard. The Library's Public. New York: Columbia University
Press, 1949.
69. Berkov, Ellen, and Morganstern, Betty. "Getting to the Core: Training
Librarians in Basic Reference Tools." The Reference Librarian (1990):
191-205.
70. Berliner, Barbara; Corey, Melinda; and Ochoa, George. The Book of Answers;
The New York Public Library Telephone Reference Service's Most Unusual and Entertaining
Questions. New York: Prentice Hall Press, 1990.
71. Bertot, and McClure. "Measuring Electronic Services in Public Libraries."
Public Libraries (1998): 176-180.
72. Bichteler, Julie. "Human Aspects of Higher Technology in Special Libraries."
Special Libraries 77 (1986): 121-128.
73. Bicknell, Tracy. "Focusing on Quality Reference Service." Journal
of Academic Librarianship 20 (1994): 77-81.
74. Biggs, Mary. "Forward to Basics in Library Instruction." School
Library Journal 44 (1979): 44.
75. Biggs, Mary. "Some Unanswered Questions." Journal of Academic
Librarianship 18 (1992): 285-286.
76. Binkley, Dave, and Eddie, Tom. Evaluation of Reference Service at the
University of Waterloo: 1985. Ottawa: Canadian Association of College and
University Libraries, 1988.
77. Binkley, Dave, and Eddie, Tom. Wisconsin-Ohio Reference Evaluation at
the University of Waterloo. Ottawa: Canadian Association of College and
University Libraries, 1989.
78. Birbeck, Vaughan P. "Unobtrusive Testing of Public Library Reference
Service." Masters thesis diss., CNAA, 1986.
79. Birbeck, Vaughan P. "Unobtrusive Testing of Public Library Reference
Service." Refer 4 (1986): 5-9.
80. Birbeck, Vaughan P., and Whittaker, Kenneth A. "Room for Improvement:
An Unobtrusive Testing of British Public Library Reference Service." Public
Library Journal 2 (1987): 55-60.
81. Birch, Nancy; Marchant, Maurice; and Smith, Nathan. "Perceived Role
Conflict, Role Ambiguity, and Reference Librarian Burnout in Public Libraries."
Library and Information Science Research 8 (1986): 53-65.
82. Blakely, Florence. "Perceiving Patterns of Reference Service: A Survey."
RQ 11 (1971): 30-38.
83. Blasingame, Ralph. "Survey of Public Libraries, Summit County."
ED 065161: Tri-County Regional Planning Commission, 1972.
84. Blazeck, Ron, and Parrish, Darlene Ann. "Burnout and Public Services:
The Periodical Literature of Librarianship in the Eighties." RQ
32 (1992): 48-59.
85. Blevins, Beth. "Burnout: A History of the Concept and an Analysis of
it's Presentation in Library Literature." Masters diss., University of
North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1988.
86. Bloch, U., and Bloch, T. "Occupational Perceptions of Librarians by
High School Students." Library Quarterly 51 (1981): 292-300.
87. Bloomfield, Masse. "Testing for Library-Use Competence." In Educating
the Library User, edited by John Lubans, Jr. New York: Bowker, 1974.
88. Boll, John J. Shelf Browsing, Open Access and Storage Capacity in Research
Libraries. Urbana, Ill.: University of Illinois, Graduate School of Library
and Information Science, 1985.
89. Bonk, Wallace J. Composite List of Titles Taught in Basic Reference by
25 of the Accredited Library Schools. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan
Department of Library Science, 1960.
90. Bonk, Wallace J. "Core Curriculum and the Reference and Bibliography
Courses." Journal of Education for Librarianship 2 (Summer 1961):
28-33.
91. Bonk, Wallace J. Use of Basic Reference Sources in Libraries. Ann
Arbor: University of Michigan Department of Library Science, 1963.
92. Bonk, Wallace J. "Core Reference Course." Journal of Education
for Librarianship 4 (Spring 1964): 196-208.
93. Bonn, George S. "Evaluation of the Collection." Library Trends
22 (1974): 165-304.
94. Bopp, Richard E., and Smith, Linda C., eds. "Library Science Text Series."
In Reference and Information Services: An Introduction, edited. Englewood,
Colo.: Libraries Unlimited, 1995.
95. Borgman, Christine A. "Psychological Research in Human-Computer Interaction."
In Annual Review of Information Science and Technolgoy, 1984.
96. Bostick, Sharon. The Development and Validation of the Library Anxiety
Scale. In Marjorie Murfin and Jo Bell Whitlatch (Eds.). First Preconference
on Research in Reference Effectiveness. Chicago: American Library association,
Reference and Adult Services Division, 1993.
97. Boucher, Virginia. "Nonverbal Communication and the Library Reference
Interview." RQ 16 (Fall 1976): 27-32.
98. Boyd, Anne M. "Personnel and Training for Reference Work." In
The Reference Function of the Library, edited by Pierce Butler. Chicago:
University of Chicago Press, 1943.
99. Boyer, Laura M., and Theimer Jr., William C. "The Use and Training
of Non-professional Personnel at Reference Desks in Selected Colleges and Universities."
College and Research Libraries 36 (May 1975): 193-200.
100. Bradley, Johanna Rediger. "Bureaucratic and Individual Knowledge and
Action in the Public Services Units of an Academic Library." Ph.D. diss.,
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1991.
101. Brancolini, Kristin B. "Use and User Studies for Collection Evaluation."
In Collection Management for the 1990's: Proceeding of the Midwest Collection
Management and Development Institute, University of Illinois at Chicago, August
17-20, 1989, edited by Joseph J. Branin. Chicago: American Library Association,
1992.
102. Breed, Paul F. "An Analysis of Reference Procedures in a Large University
Library." Ph.D. diss., University of Chicago, 1955.
103. Brehm, Jack W., and Self, Elizabeth A. "The Intensity of Motivation."
Annual Review of Psychology 40 (1989): 109-131.
104. Brinkerhoff, Robert O. "The Success Case: A Low-cost High-yield Evaluation."
Training and Development Journal 37 (1983): 58-61.
105. Broadus, Robert N. "Use Studies of Library Collections." Library
Resources & Technical Services 24 (1980): 317-324.
106. Brooks, Terence. "The Systematic Nature of Library Output Statistics."
Library Research 4 (1982): 341-353.
107. Brown, Diane M. "Telephone Reference Questions: A Characterization
by Subject, Answer Format, and Level of Complexity." RQ 24 (Spring
1985): 290-303.
108. Brown, Janet Dagenais. "Using Quality Concepts to Improve Reference
Services." College & Research Libraries 55 (1994): 211-219.
109. Brown, Maryann Devin. "Library Data, Statistics, and Information."
Special Libraries 71 (1980): 478.
110. Brown, M. E. A General Model of Information-Seeking Behavior. Proceedings
of the 54th ASIS Annual Meeting 1991;9-14.
111. Bruce, Harry, and Todd, R. "Indicators of Assumptions and Orientations
that Underpin the Reference Process." Australian Academic and Research
Libraries 26 (1995): 217-228.
112. Bube, Judy Lynn. "Stress in the Library Enviroment." In Alternative
Library Literature. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland and Co., 1986.
113. Buchanan, Holly Shipp, and Marshall, Joanne Gard. "Benchmarking Reference
Services: Step-by-step." Medical Reference Services Quarterly 15
(1996): 1-13.
114. Buckland, Michael K. "On Types of Search and the Allocation of Library
Resources." Journal of the American Society for Information Science
30 (1979): 143-147.
115. Budd, John, and Coutant, Patricia. "Faculty Perceptions of Librarians:
A Survey." Washington, D.C., 1981.
116. Budd, John, and DiCarlo, Mike. "Measures of User Evaluation at Two
Academic Libraries: Prolegomena." Library Research 4 (1982): 71-84.
117. Budd, John M. The Library and its Users: The Communication Process.
Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1992.
118. Bundy, Mary Lee. Reference Service in American Public Libraries Serving
Populations of 10,000 or More; Report of a Nationwide Survey. Urbana, Ill.:
University of Illinois Graduate School of Library Science, 1961.
119. Bundy, Mary Lee. "Metropolitan Library Users; A Report of a Survey
of Adult Library Users in the Maryland Baltimore-Washington Metropolitan Libraries."
College Park, Md.: University of Maryland School Library and Information Services,
1986.
120. Bunge, Charles. Professional Education and Reference Efficiency.
Springfield, Illinois, 1967.
121. Bunge, Charles. "Interpersonal Dimensions of the Reference Interview:
A Historical Review of the Literature." Drexel Library Quarterly
20 (Spring 1984): 4-23.
122. Bunge, Charles. "Potential and Reality at the Reference Desk."
Journal of Academic Librarianship 10 (1984): 128-132.
123. Bunge, Charles. "Factors Related to Reference Question Answering Success:
The Development of a Data-gathering Form." RQ 24 (1985): 482-486.
124. Bunge, Charles. "Factors Related to Output Measures for Reference
Services in Public Libraries: Data from Thirty-Six Libraries." Public
Libraries 29 (1990): 42-47.
125. Bunge, Charles, and Murfin, Marjorie. "Reference Questions--Data from
the Field." RQ 27 (1987): 15-18.
126. Bunge, Charles A. "Library Education and Reference Performance."
Library Journal 92 (15 April 1967): 1578-1581.
127. Bunge, Charles A. "Professional Education and Reference Efficiency."
Ph.D. diss., University of Illinois, 1967.
128. Bunge, Charles A. "Charting the Reference Query." RQ 8
(Summer 1969): 245-250.
129. Bunge, Charles A. "The Reference Query." RQ 8 (Spring
1969): 10.
130. Bunge, Charles A. "Approaches to the Evaluation of Library Reference
Services." In Evaluation and Scientific Management of Libraries and
Information Centers, edited by F.W. Lancaster and C.W. Cleverdon. Leydon,
Netherlands: Noordhoff, 1977.
131. Bunge, Charles A. "Stress in the Library Workplace." Library
Trends 38 (1989): 92-102.
132. Bunge, Charles A. "CD-ROM Stress." Library Journal 116
(1991): 63-64.
133. Bunge, Charles Albert. "Gathering and Using Patron and Librarian Perceptions
of Question-answering Success." In Allerton Park Institute (32nd : 1990
: Monticello, Ill.): Evaluation of public services and public services personnel,
edited by Bryce L. Allen. Monticello, Ill.: University of Illinois, Graduate
School of Library and Information Science, 1991.
134. Bunge, Charles Albert. "Evaluating Reference Services and Reference
Personnel: Questions and Answers from the Literature. Augmented title: Bibliographical
Essay." Reference Librarian 43 (1994): 195-207.
135. Burgin, Robert, and Hansel, Patsy. "Reference Accuracy: Improving
our Chances." Wilson Library Bulletin 65 (1990): 66-68.
136. Burkhardt, Robert Rosser. "A Role Transformed? Technology's Challenge
for Job Responsibilities of the Reference Librarian." Ph.D. diss., University
of Alabama, 1995.
137. Burns, Robert W. "Library Use as a Perfomance Measure: Its Background
and Rationale." Journal of Academic Librarianship 4 (1978): 4-11.
138. Burton, P. F. "Accuracy of Information Provision--the Need for Client-centered
Service." Journal of Librarianship 22 (1990): 201-215.
139. Call, Nancy A. "Text Telephone Reference Services in California Public
Libraries." Masters thesis diss., San Jose State University, 1993.
140. Cameron, Dee Birch. "Public and Academic Library Reference Questions."
RQ 16 (1976): 130-132.
141. Campbell, David E., and Schlechter, Theodore M. "Library Design Influences
on User Behavior and Satisfaction." Library Quarterly 49 (1979):
26-41.
142. Caputo, Janette S. The Assertive Librarian. Phoenix, Ariz.: Oryx
Press, 1984.
143. Carlin, Donald T., and Pemberton, Michael. "The Measurement of Public
Library Reference Effectiveness: A State Library Approach." Public Library
Quarterly 1 (1979): 105-116.
144. Carlson, Gary. Search Strategy by Reference Librarians; Part 3 of the
Final Report on the Organization of Large Files. Sherman Oaks, CA: Hughes
Dynamics, Advance Information Systems Division, March 17, 1964.
145. Carver, Deborah A. "Transfer of Training: A Bibliographic Essay."
Library Administration and Management 2 (1988): 151-153.
146. Caywood, Carolyn A. "Quality Reference Service." School Library
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147. Center, University of Michigan. Survey Research. Faculty Appraisal of
a University
Library. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Library, 1961.
148. Chelton, Mary K. "Adult-Adolescent Service Encounters: The Library
Context." Ph.D. diss., Rutgers University, 1997.
149. Chen, Ching-Chih. Applications of Operations Research Models to Libraries;
A Case Study of the Use of Monographs in the Francis A. Countway Library of
Medicine, Harvard University. Cambrdge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1976.
150. Chen, Ching-Chih, and Hernon, Peter. "Library Effectiveness in Meeting
Consumer's Information Needs." In Library Effectiveness: A State of
the Art: Preconference on Library Effectiveness. Chicago: American Library
Association, 1980.
151. Chen, Ching-Chih; Hernon, Peter; Neenan, Peter A.; and Stuart, Robert D.
"Citizen Information Seeking Patterns: A New England Study. Executive Summary
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Boston, Mass.: School of Library Science, Simmons College, 1979.
152. Childers, Thomas. "Telephone Information Service in Public Libraries:
A Comparison of Performance and the Descriptive Statistics Collected by the
State of New Jersey." Ph.D. diss., Rutgers University, 1970.
153. Childers, Thomas. "Managing the Quality of Reference/Information Service."
Library Quarterly 42 (1972): 212-217.
154. Childers, Thomas. "Measuring the Quality of Public Library Services:
A Report to Participants." Philadelphia: Drexel University, 1972.
155. Childers, Thomas. "Statistics that Describe Libraries and Library
Service." Advances in Librarianship 5 (1975): 107-122.
156. Childers, Thomas. "The Test of Reference." Library Journal
105 (1980): 924-928.
157. Childers, Thomas. Information and Referral: Public Libraries. Norwood,
NJ: Ablex, 1983.
158. Childers, Thomas. "The Quality of Reference: Still Moot After 20 Years."
Journal of Academic Librarianship 13 (1987): 73-74.
159. Childers, Thomas. "Evaluative Research in the Library and Information
Field." Library Trends 38 (1989): 250-267.
160. Childers, Thomas. "Scouting the Perimeters of Unobtrusive Study of
Reference." In Allerton Park Institute (32nd : 1990 : Monticello, Ill.):
Evaluation of Public Services and Public Services Personnel, edited by Bryce
L. Allen. Monticello, Ill.: University of Illinois, Graduate School of Library
and Information Science, 1991.
161. Childers, Thomas. Measures of Interlibrary Reference: A Manual.
Sacramento, Calif.: California State Library Foundation, 1991.
162. Childers, Thomas. Reference Service Ironies. Sacramento, Calif.:
California State Library, 1993.
163. Childers, Thomas. A Reference Evaluation Pilot. Sacramento, Calif.:
California State Library, 1993.
164. Childers, Thomas. Reference Self-service: 1995 Update. Philadelphia:
Drexel University, College of Information Science and Technology, 1995.
165. Childers, Thomas; Lopata, Cynthia; and Stafford, Brian. "Measuring
the Difficulty of Reference Questions." RQ 31 (Winter 1991): 237-243.
166. Childers, Thomas, and Van House, Nancy A. "The Grail of Goodness:
The Effective Public Library." Library Journal 16 (1989): 44-49.
167. Childers, Thomas A. "Telephone Information Service in Public Libraries:
A Comparison of Performance and the Descriptive Statistics Collected by the
State of New Jersey." In Information Service in Public Libraries: Two
Studies, edited by Terence Crowley and Thomas Childers. Metuchen, N.J.:
Scarecrow Press, 1971.
168. Childers, Thomas A. "The Effectiveness of Information Service in Public
Libraries: Suffolk County. Final Report." Philadelphia: Drexel University.
School of Library and Information Science, 1978.
169. Childers, Thomas A. "Using Public Library Reference Collections and
Staff." Library Quarterly 67 (1997): 155-173.
170. Christensen, John O.; Benson, Larry D.; Butler, H Julene; Hall, Blaine
H.; and Howard, Don H. "An Evaluation of Reference Desk Service."
College & Research Libraries 50 (1989): 468-483.
171. Chu, Felix T. "Framing Reference Encounters." RQ 36 (1996):
93-101.
172. Ciliberti, Anne C.; Casserly, Mary F.; Hegg, Judith L.; and Mitchell, Eugene
S. "Material Availability: A Study of Academic Library Performance."
College & Research Libraries 48 (1987): 513-527.
173. Cincinnati, University of. "Survey of the Effectiveness of Record
Systems." In User Studies in ARL Libraries. (SPEC Kit 101, p. 62-80).
Washington, DC: Association of Research Libraries, Office of Management Studies,
1984.
174. Ciucki, Marcella. "Recording of Reference/Information Service Activities:
A Study of Forms Currently Used." RQ 16 (1977): 273-283.
175. Clark, Juleigh Muirhead, and Cary, Karen. "An Approach to the Evaluation
of Ready Reference Collections." Reference Services Review 23 (1995):
39-43.
176. Clark, Philip M., and Benson, James. "Linkages between Library Uses
through the Study of Individual Patron Behavior." RQ 24 (1985):
417-426.
177. Cochrane, Lynn Scott, and Warmann, Carolyn. "Cost Analysis of Library
Services at Viginia Polytechnic Institute and State University." In Building
on the First Century: Proceedings of the Fifth Conference of the Association
of Academic and Research Libraries, edited by Janice Fennell. Chicago: American
Library Association, 1989.
178. Cohen, L.B. "What's New on the Internet? A Challenge for Library Webmasters."
Reference Services Review 26 (1998): 7-14.
179. Cole, Dorothy. "Some Characteristics of Reference Work." College
& Research Libraries 7 (1946): 45-51.
180. Cole, Dorothy E. "An Analysis of Adult Reference Work in Libraries."
MA diss., University of Chicago, September 1943.
181. Collins, Bobbie L.; Mellon, Constance A.; and Young, Sally B. "The
Needs and Feelings of Beginning Researchers." In Bibliographic Instruction:
The Second Generation, edited by Constance A. Mellon. Littleton, CO: Libraries
Unlimited, 1987.
182. Colorado State University. "Questionnaire for Library Users."
In User Surveys and Evaluation of Library Services. Washington, D.C.:
Association of Research Libraries, Office of Management Studies, 1981.
183. Columbia, University of British. "UCR Library Services Survey (SPEC
Kit 101)." In User Studies in ARL Libraries. Washington,DC: Association
of Research Libraries, Office of Management Studies, 1984.
184. Committee, American Library Association. Evaluation of Reference and Adult
Services. The Reference Assessment Manual. Ann Arbor, MI: Pierian Press,
1995.
185. Committee for the Survey of Ontario Reference Services. "A Survey
of Reference Services in Ontario Public Libraries." London, Ontario: Ontario
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